Food Production

Just over a third of the world's land area is used for food production.
A third of this is used for crops and the rest is grazed by livestock.
The volume of agricultural production and the amount of fertilizers used in production has increased in recent decades.
At the same time, the importance of agriculture as a water user and a source of greenhouse gas emissions has increased.
Demand for food is constantly increasing with population growth.
The world is producing and consuming more food than ever before.
In particular, the consumption of food of animal origin has increased dramatically as the population has grown and living standards have risen.
Unequal distribution causes hunger.
Additionally food production leads to many environmental problems

Food Security

Food security is achieved when people have access at all times to nutritious, safe and culturally appropriate food to sustain an active life.
Properly used and distributed, there would be enough food for everyone, as the world is producing more food today than ever before.
However, food distribution is uneven worldwide.
In southern Africa, 45 million people in 13 countries are affected by food insecurity.

The world produces enough food for everyone but it is unevenly distributed among the world's inhabitants.
Food is both produced and distributed unevenly.
This leads to hunger in places that do not have enough food.
Around 811 million people go to bed on an empty stomach every night.

Rich multinational companies can weaken the food production of poorer countries and can worsen hunger by buying land from their for their own use.
Plantations and factories often export instead of helping people in the land they are located in.
Cultivation of cash crops that sell for a lot but do not provide any use to locals.
In this case, the livelihood of local people may be at risk.
Overfishing by rich companies with efficient fishing vessels reduces fish stocks and affects the livelihoods of people living on the coasts.
This can lead to illegal activities such as piracies.
In some poorer countries there aren't any methods to keep food fresh.
Food waste is overall a big contributor to hunger and uneven food distribution.
Around 1.3 billion tons of food are thrown away yearly.
Conflicts, extreme weather conditions and economic socks are the biggest causes of famine.

The food does not provide essential nutrients such as proteins vitamins and fibers.
Leads to a weak immune system, malnutrition, diseases and can cause death, especially in poorer environments.
Affects children's mental and physical development.
Qualitative hunger can also lead to cardiovascular diseases.
Qualitative hunger can also easily occur in developed countries, through maintaining a poor diet.

Acute hunger is hunger that occurs over a definable period of time due to lack of food.
Also called a famine.
Acute hunger is often caused by conflicts, natural disasters or other crises such as droughts.

Farming takes 37% of total land area and 70% of total water consumption.
This often leads to deforestation, drought and loss of biodiversity.
Food production still relies on fossil fuels and fertilizer.
Harvesting machines, factories and transport all use fossil fuels.
This leads to climate change and eutrophication.
Eutrophication is when the nutrients in fertilizer end up in unintended places such as lakes and oceans.
The increased plant growth in these areas can lead to changes in biodiversity and disrupt the balance in the ecosystem.
Land grabbing and overfishing threatens local livelihoods and people.
Land grabbing is a term used to describe buying of cheap land in poor countries for business use.
The produce of the land is usually exported, meaning it has a negative impact on the country.
Land gained from land grabbing is often used for cash plants like coffee beans instead of food production.
Thus it doesn't benefit the country in which the production is located.