What are These?
- These are real-world examples for use in 15-marker questions in IB economics exams.
- The real world examples all link to their source and are listed under what the example is about.
- If the policy or change occurred recently, the year is listed.
MICROECONOMICS
ARTICLES
Market Failure
Correcting Market Failure Due to Overconsumption
Singapore Cigarette Tax Hike, 2023
Canada Warning Labels on Alcohol, 2025
Scotland Increase in Price Floor for Alcohol, 2024
Correcting Market Failure Due to Underconsumption
Finland, Direct Provision of Free Education
Correcting Market Failure due to Underproduction
Germany Investment in Infrastructure, 2025
Finland, Direct Provision of Free Education
Preventing The Formation of Monopolies
Finland Asphalt Cartel Fines, 2018
UK Renationalization of Train Service, 2025
MACROECONOMICS
DATA
ARTICLES
Monetary Policy
Interest Rates
EU Central Bank, Negative Interest Rates, 2015-2022
Money Supply
Fiscal Policy
Taxation
USA Trump Tax Reduction Bill, 2025
USA, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, 2009
Government Spending
USA, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, 2009
Market-Based Policies
Nationalization
UK Renationalization of Train Service, 2025
UK Nationalization of British Steel, 2025
Pro-Competition Policies
Deregulation
Anti-Monopoly Regulation
Finland Asphalt Cartel Fines, 2018
Removing Trade Union Power
UK Margaret Thatcher Removal of Trade Unions, 1970s-1980s
Regulation
Greece Austerity During Bailout Crisis, 2010
Interventionist Policies
Education
Finland, Direct Provision of Free Education
Healthcare
USA, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, 2009